Can dengue cause heart problems: Understanding the Link

Dr.Navneet Gill, 2 mins read

Dengue, a mosquito-borne viral infection, is known for causing high fever, joint pain and severe headaches. Some studies show it has a potential impact on heart health too. If you are suffering from dengue or have a history of this disease, this guide is for you. Here, we will discuss the link between dengue and heart health.

What is dengue fever?
Dengue fever, also known as break-bone fever, is a viral infection that spreads through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. It commonly occurs in tropical and subtropical areas and usually causes the following symptoms:

• High fever
• Severe headache
• Pain behind the eyes
• Joint and muscle pain
• Skin rash
• Mild bleeding

If not treated timely and properly, dengue can turn into a severe form, also known as dengue hemorrhagic fever. This serious form can cause bleeding, a sudden drop in blood pressure and even death.

Understanding the link between dengue fever and heart problems
Studies on dengue's impact on heart health have garnered attention in recent years. Here are some ways dengue may affect your heart health:

Dengue myocarditis
It is the inflammation of the heart muscle that can lead to reduced heart function, arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats), and in severe cases, heart failure. Its symptoms usually include chest pain, shortness of breath, or palpitations.

Dengue pericarditis
It is characterised by the swelling and irritation of the sac that surrounds the heart known as pericardium. It often causes sharp chest pain, fatigue and swelling of legs or feet.

Arrhythmias
It refers to an irregular heartbeat that occurs when your heart beats too fast, irregularly or too slowly. Artthmias caused by dengue can be mild, moderate, or severe.

Atrioventricular conduction disorders
They are a collection of disorders in which impulse transmission from the atria to the ventricles gets partially or completely interrupted. This leads to problems with ventricular function and causes symptoms like heart palpitation, extreme tiredness, chest pain, tiredness and slow or fast heart rate.

Non-specific electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities
These are indications of compromised coronary circulation and increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).

Please note: These dengue-related complications are rare. People with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions are at higher risk of these complications. So, they are advised to take precautionary measures for overall wellness.

Prevention of dengue

• Use insect repellent
• Wear long-sleeved clothing
• Eliminate standing water where mosquitoes breed

Monitor Heart Health
Individuals suffering from dengue and with pre-existing health conditions should regularly go for health checkups and keep a note of any changes in their health. Discuss these changes with your doctor to take the necessary steps at the right time.