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Coeliac disease is a long-term medical condition in which the immune system reacts abnormally to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. When a person with coeliac disease eats gluten, the body’s immune system attacks the lining of the small intestine. This damages the villi (tiny finger-like structures) that help absorb nutrients. Over time, this can lead to malnutrition and many health problems if not treated.
The exact cause is not fully known, but it usually happens because of:
Symptoms can vary from person to person. Some people have severe digestive problems, while others may have mild or no stomach issues at all. Common symptoms include:
Doctors use several tests to confirm coeliac disease. First is blood tests that will help to check specific antibodies linked with gluten reaction. The scond thing which doctor suggest is endoscopy with biopsy in which a small sample from the small intestine is taken to see if there is damage or not.
There is no cure of coeliac disease but it can be controlled completely by avoiding gluten for life.
Coeliac disease is a lifelong condition, but with the right diet and care, most people live a completely healthy and active life. The most important step is strictly avoiding gluten and following regular medical advice.
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