Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) : Causes, Symptoms & Treatment Options

Dr.Sharad Malhotra, 3 mins read

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is more than just occasional heartburn. It’s a chronic condition that can significantly impact daily life. Whether you have felt that familiar burning sensation or know someone who suffers from it, understanding GERD can help you take control of your digestive health.

Understanding GERD

GERD occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, irritating its lining. Normally, a ring of muscle called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) prevents this backflow, but when it weakens or relaxes at the wrong time, acid reflux happens. Occasional reflux is common, but when it occurs regularly, it becomes GERD.

Causes of GERD

GERD can develop due to a combination of factors, including:

Dietary Habits: Spicy foods, citrus fruits, caffeine, alcohol, and fatty meals can trigger reflux.

Lifestyle Choices: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and eating late at night contribute to GERD.

Obesity: Extra pressure on the stomach can cause acid to back up.

Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and increased abdominal pressure often lead to acid reflux.

Medical Conditions: Hiatal hernia, delayed stomach emptying, and certain medications (like NSAIDs) can exacerbate GERD.

Symptoms of GERD

The most recognizable symptom of GERD is heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest, often after eating. However, it presents itself in many ways, including:

• Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
• Difficulty swallowing
• Chronic cough or sore throat
• Hoarseness or voice changes
• Chest pain (often mistaken for heart issues)
• Feeling of a lump in the throat

How GERD Affects Daily Life

Imagine waking up in the middle of the night, choking on stomach acid. Or having to give up your favorite cup of coffee because it triggers unbearable discomfort. GERD isn’t just a physical condition, it affects mental well-being, sleep quality, and social interactions. Many patients avoid eating out or enjoying meals with family for fear of triggering symptoms.

Treatment Options for GERD

Thankfully, GERD is manageable with the right approach. Treatment ranges from simple lifestyle modifications to medical interventions.

1. Lifestyle Changes

• Eat smaller, more frequent meals instead of large portions.
• Avoid trigger foods and beverages.
• Maintain a healthy weight.
• Stop smoking and limit alcohol intake.
• Elevate the head of your bed to prevent nighttime reflux.

2. Medications

Antacids: Provide quick relief but don’t treat the underlying issue.
H2 Blockers: Reduce stomach acid production.
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): More effective in healing the esophagus and reducing acid.

3. Surgical Options (for severe cases)

Fundoplication: Strengthens the LES to prevent reflux.
LINX Device: A small ring of magnets placed around the LES to reduce acid reflux.

Takeaway!

GERD is a common but manageable condition. By making mindful choices and seeking appropriate medical care, you can regain control of your digestive health. If you or a loved one experiences persistent acid reflux, don’t ignore it, consult a healthcare professional and start your journey toward relief. After all, everyone deserves to enjoy their meals without the fear of discomfort!

At Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality, Dwarka, we specialize in diagnosing and treating GERD with state-of-the-art technology and personalized care. Our expert team of gastroenterologists is dedicated to helping you find relief and improve your quality of life. Book an appointment today and take the first step towards a healthier, happier you!