PCOD vs PCOS: Know the Difference

Dr.Taruna Dua, 2 mins read

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Polycystic Ovary Disease (PCOD) are terms often used interchangeably because of almost similar symptoms. But in reality, they refer to different conditions.

That’s why it’s important to understand the difference between PCOD and PCOS. Here, we have got all this for you so you can make informed decisions.

What is PCOD?
Women have two ovaries, which release an egg every month from either of the sides and female hormones. When ovaries contain many immature or partially mature eggs, this condition is called PCOD, which stands for polycystic ovary disease.

These eggs turn into cysts over time and cause enlarged ovaries, which produce abnormal amounts of male hormones (androgens). This leads to irregular periods, weight gain, infertility issues and other health issues.

Causes of PCOD
The exact cause of PCOD is not well understood. However, some experts believe it is linked to a sedentary lifestyle, excessive insulin production, unhealthy diet, inflammation, genetic factors and certain medications. Those with a family history of PCOD are believed to be more susceptible to developing this condition.

What is PCOS?
PCOS stands for polycystic ovary syndrome. It is more severe than PCOD and requires medical attention from a specialist as it can lead to various health complications if left untreated.

In this condition, more than ten follicular cysts form inside the ovaries, which causes excess production of male hormones. This stops the release of egg (anovulation) and causes other symptoms like hair loss, obesity, irregular periods and infertility.

Causes of PCOS
Like PCOD, the exact cause of PCOS is unknown. However, it is often associated with genetic factors, insulin resistance, unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, and inflammation.

Symptoms of PCOS & PCOD

• Irregular or absent periods
• Excessive hair growth (hirsutism)
• Acne and oily skin
• Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
• Thinning hair on the scalp
• Dark patches of skin (acanthosis nigricans)
• Fertility issues

Treatment of PCOS & PCOD

• Lifestyle modifications: Incorporate a healthy diet and exercise regularly to maintain a healthy weight.
• Medications/ hormonal therapy: Prescribed hormonal therapy/medicines may help regulate periods, reduce androgen levels, improve insulin sensitivity and address other symptoms.
• Fertility treatments: Those who are planning a pregnancy may be recommended for fertility medications or assisted reproductive technologies like IVF.

Key Differences Between PCOD and PCOS
Severity: PCOS is considered a more severe condition than PCOD.

Hormonal imbalance: Women with PCOS typically have higher levels of androgens than those with PCOD.

Cysts: In PCOS, the cysts are usually larger and symptomatic. However, in PCOD, the cysts are usually smaller and do not cause significant issues.

Fertility issues: PCOS is more likely to cause significant challenges in conceiving than PCOD.

Incident rate: PCOD is more common than PCOS.